chemist of the past info chemical Man
MANY THOUSAND years ago, an early ancestor of yours pushed a stick into the hot lava flowing from an erupting volcano. The stick burst into fire. He held it up as a torch. It gave off light and heat and finally turned into ashes. This ancient man might be considered the world's first chemist. He had actually taken a substance called wood and had, by a chemical process called combustion or burning, turned it into something else. The discovery of the use of fire was the first great step leading toward modern chemistry. Fire made it possible to turn raw foodstuffs into edible meals, to bake shaped clay into pottery, to make glass, to drive metals out of their ores. For thousands of years people were chiefly inter-ested in the results of what they did — they didn't care about what happened or why it happened. It was only about 2,500 years ago that philosophers began to wonder about what things were made of and what happened when a thing changed into some-thing else. Around 400 B. C. in Greece, a thinker by the name of Empedocles came up with an idea that seemed to make sense. He explained that everything in the world was made from just four things which he called "elements": fire, water, air, and earth. Think of that burning stick mentioned above. It gave off fire — so, obviously, the stick had to contain fire. It sizzled — which meant there was water in it. It smoked — and smoke would be some kind of air. It left ashes — and ashes are earth, as certainly every-one should know. Everyone — except another Greek, Democritus,
born around the time when Empedocles died. He had a different notion — that all matter was made up of tiny particles which he called atomos.
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